Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Nicorandil ameliorates neuropathic and inflammatory pain via TNF-α, IL6/MAPK ERK1/2 and NO/cGMP signaling

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-35272-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental protocol and time schedule for drug administration in neuropathic pain model ( A ) and formalin model ( B ). CCI, chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve; L-NAME, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; MB, methylene blue; IHC, immunohistochemistry; DRG, dorsal root ganglia; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-6, interleukin 6; MDA, malondialdehyde and COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2.

Article Snippet: Serum cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured using sandwich ELISA kits (CUSABIO, Novus Biologicals).

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Nicorandil ameliorates neuropathic and inflammatory pain via TNF-α, IL6/MAPK ERK1/2 and NO/cGMP signaling

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-35272-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of nicorandil (150 mg/kg, twice, 2 h apart, PO) in absence and presence of naloxone (1 mg/kg, twice, 2 h apart, I.P) on interleukin-6 (IL-6) ( A ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) ( B ) serum levels in CCI rats. All results were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. * P < 0.05 VS sham, + P < 0.05 VS CCI.

Article Snippet: Serum cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured using sandwich ELISA kits (CUSABIO, Novus Biologicals).

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Nicorandil ameliorates neuropathic and inflammatory pain via TNF-α, IL6/MAPK ERK1/2 and NO/cGMP signaling

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-35272-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proposed mechanism of nicorandil in relieving neuropathic pain. TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1; MOR, µ opioid receptor; NO, nitric oxide; cGMP; cyclic guanosine monophosphate; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-6, interleukin 6; MAPK ERK1/2 ; mitogen activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2); COX2, Cyclooxygenase2.

Article Snippet: Serum cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured using sandwich ELISA kits (CUSABIO, Novus Biologicals).

Techniques: